Reply to KN Litwak and S Levin

Reply to S. Rastogi et al

Yellow fever vaccine-reply to S. arya

Letters tion centers in Lagos was fully potent, but potency in Osun and Oyo was 016 log 10 to 0.22 log 10 lower than the stipulated level (2). Furthermore, the titer of two vaccine lots that had been frozen after reconstitution from their lyophilized state dropped from the initial 3.15 log 10 to 3.53 log 10 to zero. If the United States were to implement an extended strategy, similar studies of...

Reply to Bonnie Gold ' s Review

With great interest we have read the review of our book by Bonnie Gold that appeared in the MAA online book review column. It is a serious and professional review and we are glad that she found our book "unique and fascinating" and "a significant contribution to our understanding to mathematics' relation to people." We also deeply appreciate her efforts to understand our work (which is not with...

Polanyi , Popper and Methodology : A Reply to S . Richmond

It is sometimes said that Polanyi’s ideas have been summarized, analyzed, explicated, clarified and reconstructed often enough and that we should rather use his theories as a rich source of inspiration and a common platform to work on than go on repeating them. However, when accounts of his work appear that contradict the standard interpretation, one is forced to go back to the old texts in ord...

DRAFT Chapter 15 Average Case Complexity : Levin ’ s Theory

needs more work Our study of complexity —NP-completeness, #P-completeness etc.— thus far only concerned worst-case complexity. However, algorithms designers have tried to design efficient algorithms for NP-hard problems that work for “many” or “most” instances. This motivates a study of the difficulty of the “average” instance. Let us first examine the issues at an intuitive level, so we may be...